history of collective action tools

http://www.adbusters.org/magazine/94/barricades.html

This is a great read about how different tools have been used against authoritarian regimes through history. It ends with speculation about what future Internet tools might be used.



"At the dawn of 2011 there is again hope that technology can birth the barricades of the 21st century. Perhaps the most exciting direction for activism is the increasing politicization of flashmobs. First capturing the public imagination in 2003, flashmobs are the sudden appearance of dozens, sometimes hundreds, of individuals who carry out a synchronized action that ranges from the absurd to the disobedient."

The author's web site looks useful as well.